Scarface (The Movie) essays

Scarface (The Movie) expositions Stars: Al Picino, Steven Bauer, Michelle Pfeiffer, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, Robert Loggia Al Pacino gives a remarkable execution as Tony Montana, one of the most savage hoodlums ever depicted on film. Scarface follows the vicious vocation of a little league Cuban hoodlum who firearms his way to the highest point of Miami's cocaine domain. It follows his ascent to criminal riches and a large number of foreigners showing up in Florida during the 1980s. Pacino, whose knowledge, guts, and aspiration assist him with ascending to the highest point of a criminal world however his distrustfulness and over defensive want to secure his child sister, played by Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, end up being his purposes behind tumbling to the base, prompting his possible homicide. The movies fierce savagery and absence of positive characters despite everything make it disputable and despised by specific pundits, particularly make in the mid 1980s when films of such viciousness were uncommon. Michelle Pfeiffer plays Tonys coke-dependent trophy spouse, and Steven Bauer is his concerned comp anion. F. Murray Abraham, Robert Loggia, and Paul Shenar are some of Tonys unpleasant colleagues and potential executioners. This film shows the decade's medication of decision, and is a lot of a film of the 1980s in its depiction of relentless inner self anti-extremism. Kind of the Movie: Drama and Crime/Gangster Exceptional Cinematic Techniques: I thought there were many very much utilized true to life procedures. A few the things that I saw were the manner by which well the camera points got the activity. There were a lot of battling scenes in Scarface and I thought they caught them quite well. The embellishments were generally excellent, particularly for a film in the mid 1980s. I imagine that this film was done from all viewpoints. Scarface greatly caught the frightful ... <!

Hunt the US Treasury for Your Lost Money

Chase the US Treasury for Your Lost Money Shockingly, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Treasury Hunt site for finding and asserting lost U.S. Investment funds Bonds is not, at this point accessible. Rather, people wishing to guarantee and recuperate lost, taken, or obliterated securities ought to submit Fiscal Service Form 1048, Claim for Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed United States Savings Bonds. Structure 1048, alongside guidelines are accessible at https://www.treasurydirect.gov/structures/sav1048.pdf Documenting a Claim for Lost Savings Bonds When documenting the Fiscal Service Form 1048, Claim for Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed United States Savings Bonds, the Treasury Department offers the accompanying guidance: The sequential quantities of all bonds ought to be recorded if accessible. In the event that a bond’s sequential number is inaccessible, the accompanying data for each bond being guaranteed must be given on the Fiscal Service Form 1048, paying little mind to the sort of possession for the bond: The month and year the bond was purchased.The bond owner’s first and last name as it showed up on the first bond (in addition to the owner’s center name or introductory, on the off chance that it was on the first bond.)The unique owner’s road address, city, and state.The bond owner’s Social Security Number (Taxpayer Identification Number) as it showed up on the first bond. To abstain from handling delays, the Treasury Department exhorts that each necessary Fiscal Service Form 1048, alongside any extra records, ought to be finished completely and accurately, marked, and ensured by the guidelines gave on the structure. Choices for Successfully Claimed Savings Bonds When the presence and legitimate responsibility for, taken, or annihilated bonds has been checked by recording the necessary Fiscal Service Form 1048, proprietors of the bonds have the accompanying choices: For Series EE and I Bonds Money them.Replace them with a security in electronic structure. For Series HH Bonds Money themReplace them with paper securities. For Series E and H Bonds Money them. Progressively about U.S. Investment funds Bonds Holders of Series H or HH reserve funds securities, which pay premium at present, ought to likewise check the Treasury Hunt site to search for premium installments came back to the U.S. Authority of the Public Debt as undeliverable. The most widely recognized reason for an installment to be returned is the point at which a client changes ledgers or address and neglects to give new conveyance instructions.Series E bonds sold from May of 1941 through November of 1965 win enthusiasm for a long time. Bonds sold since December of 1965 procure enthusiasm for a long time. In this way, bonds gave in February of 1961 and prior have quit winning enthusiasm as have bonds given between December of 1965 and February of 1971. Investment funds securities become undeliverable and are sent to the U.S. Authority of the Public Debtâ only after money related establishment giving operators or the Federal Reserveâ make a few endeavors at conveying the securities to financial specialists. Bonds returned as undeliverable are a small portion of the 45 million bonds sold each year.The Bureau of the Public Debt has various representatives allocated to an exceptional locator bunch that discovers proprietors of undeliverable installments and bonds. Every year they find and convey a few a huge number of dollars in returned premium installments and a great many already undeliverable bonds to their proprietors. Treasury Hunt adds to the adequacy, also the fun, of this exertion by making it simple for the general population to check and check whether theyve got a bond or premium installment sitting tight for them.

The reaction between zinc and copper sulphate Essay Example

The response among zinc and copper sulfate Paper To research the effect of shifting the measures of zinc in the response among zinc and copper sulfate has on the pace of response. Foundation Knowledge My test depends on the hypothesis of: An increasingly receptive metal can uproot a less responsive metal from a compound For examplThis sort of response is known as a solitary relocation. This is the point at which one component exchanges places with another component a compound. The response that I will be taking a gander at is zinc-supplanting copper. This occurs, as zinc is higher in the reactivity arrangement than copper. The condition is appeared beneath significant part of these tests is that they are exothermic. An exothermic response gives out warmth as a wellspring of vitality. A response that is exothermic uses less vitality to break the old bonds than is transmitted to make the new bonds hence heat is radiated. The higher the vitality emitted, the higher the warmth will be. The conceivable free factors that could be examined are: I The mass of zinci The weight of the encompassing environment I The grouping of the copper sulfate I The surface territory of the strong reactant, I. e. the zinc I The volume of copper sulfate I The light force. The measure of times the arrangement is blended The reliant variable that I will quantify will be the temperature change of the response. To do this I should quantify the underlying and last temperature of the response. Starter tests I led primer analyses utilizing 1g of zinc, so as to foresee, with more prominent exactness, the result of my trials. It demonstrated that the investigation would have been exothermic, and that the temperature radiated expanded as the analysis advanced. I additionally concluded that I would just time the examinations for a limit of ninety seconds each, as this was adequate time for the outcomes to be recorded onto a diagram. Mechanical assembly To do the examination I will require the accompanying gear: We will compose a custom article test on The response among zinc and copper sulfate explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The response among zinc and copper sulfate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The response among zinc and copper sulfate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Powdered zinc In powdered structure as this expands the surface territory and gives better outcomes Copper sulfate arrangement (0. 5M) Measuring chamber To ensure the volume of copper sulfate is controlled Timer To time the 5-second interims Weighting scales To precisely quantify the measure of zinc Polythene cups polythene, as this is a warmth protecting material. Utilizing an alternate cup for each area of the investigation with the goal that every one is reasonable. Additionally utilizing plastic tops to prevent any undesirable substances from meddling with the examination and to prevent heat from being handily lost. Thermometer To gauge temperature changes from start to interims to the last temperature. Strategy During this examination I will mark the temperature emitted as I anticipate that the response should be exothermic. I will utilize 25ml of copper sulfate arrangement and 0. 8125 grams of zinc in each trial. I figure out how to function this out utilizing Avogadros hypothesis of moles. To start with, I needed to turn out to be what number of moles there are in 25ml of copper sulfate at 0. 5M. We have to change over the ml units into dm units. I subsequently isolated the 25 into 1000. I planned this answer by how solid the convergence of the copper sulfate was, 0.5M. Thus, we have the aggregate (25/1000) x 0. 5= 0. 0125 moles of copper sulfate. We at that point need to times this number by the nuclear load of zinc, which is 65. 0. 012565 = 0. 8125 grams. This is the measure of zinc expected to disassociate copper in 25ml of copper sulfate arrangement at 0. 5M. Note that the beginning temperature of each investigation will be 25oC. I will record the temperature change in five-second interims from zero to seventy. I need to ensure that the zinc utilized is unquestionably powdered zinc as any strips or pieces of zinc would modify the pace of response due the surface territory. I will record my outcomes in a table and afterward convert the information onto a chart. I will do this by plotting temperature against time. By drawing a line of best fit we can decipher the paces of responses by computing the angle. I will rehash my examination to guarantee precise and reasonable outcomes. 1. Measure out 25cm3 of 0. 5M copper sulfate arrangement utilizing the estimating chamber 2. Empty the copper sulfate into the polystyrene cup 3. Put the thermometer in and hold up until the temperature arrives at 25oC 4. Utilizing the gauging scales, measure outâ grams of zinc. 5. Include the zinc, at the same time start the clock and put the plastic top on right away. 6. Mix the arrangement utilizing the thermometer as a bar. 7. Record the temperatures at five-second interims. 8. Rehash explore for precise outcomes. Wellbeing There is a potential danger when doing this analysis as the copper sulfate arrangement or the zinc sulfate arrangement could be an aggravation to the skin along these lines contact with the skin should attempt to be kept away from. Goggles should likewise be worn to shield any destructive substances from entering your eyes. On the off chance that contact is made with the skin during the examination you should wash the influenced zone altogether. Forecast I foresee that this analysis ought to be a dislodging response. Subsequently the copper in copper sulfate ought to be uprooted by the zinc to shape zinc sulfate and copper. This ought to happen as zinc is higher in the reactivity arrangement than copper. The reactivity arrangement is as per the following: Element Symbol Group Number Potassium K 1 Sodium Na 1 Lithium Li 1 Calcium Ca 2 Magnesium Mg 2 Aluminum Al 3 Carbon C 4 (Non-Metal) Zinc Zn Transition Metal Iron Fe Transition Metal Tin Sn 4 Lead Pb 4 Hydrogen H Non-Metal Copper Cu Transition Metal Silver Ag Transition Metal Gold Au Transition Metal Platinum Pt Transition Metal Most Reactive Least Reactive As I am shifting the measures of zinc, I can anticipate that the more noteworthy the measures of zinc the quicker the pace of response. This is on the grounds that there is more reactant for the copper sulfate to respond with. Along these lines the temperature should ascend in direct extent the mass of zinc. Warmth ought to be emitted so I can foresee that the analysis will be exothermic. End From my test I can infer that it was an exothermic response, which shows that my forecast of this was right. The diagrams show that as the response time expands, the more the reactants radiate warmth vitality. The lines of best fit feature a blunder in my forecast as I anticipated that the more prominent the measures of zinc the quicker the pace of response. From the slopes of the lines of best fit we can see this is false. In the two analyses the 1. 11g of zinc doesn't have the quickest pace of response and the temperature doesn't ascend as high as 1. 01, 0. 91 or 0. 81 grams of zinc. I likewise anticipated that the mass of zinc would ascend in direct extent to the temperature. We can see that this expectation isn't accurate as then you would anticipate that the temperature should practically twofold from 0. 41 to 0. 81 and from 0. 51 to 1. 01, which doesn't occur. Assessment when all is said in done my test has been a triumph as it has created genuinely exact outcomes. The explanation behind the trial not following the precisely right example could be: Not all the zinc responded with the copper. Some warmth may have gotten away from the open cup. There could have been mistakes in the perusing. The mixing couldn't have been careful and predictable. These outcomes can be additionally improved by: Using an all the more protecting cover to forestall heat misfortune. Utilizing progressively exact and touchy scales. Utilizing a pipette or burette rather than an estimating chamber will build the exactness of the estimating of the copper sulfate. I could improve my outcomes to my investigation if: More redundancies of the analysis were finished. This would give more outcomes and add to the proof for the investigation and furthermore increment precision. The investigation was attempted with various metals, ones that are at various levels in the reactivity arrangement. This would be done to perceive how the utilization of various responses change the temperature and vitality changes and if the hypothesis despite everything works with various metals. Additionally, utilizing salts with a metal lower in the reactivity arrangement than the base can show whether separation in the reactivity arrangement influences the vitality change. Various convergences of the copper sulfate were utilized. This can likewise show the distinction between the temperature and vitality changes. Information logging could be utilized so that there is currently chance in human blunder in the test. Results Repeats in striking Amounts of Zinc (g) Starting Temperature (oC) End Temperature (oC) Temperature Change (oC) Average Temperature Change .

Nature vs. Nurture Opinion Paper free essay sample

Nature versus Sustain Nature versus support is one of the numerous discussions that have been thought about and refuted for a long time. This discussion is questionable on the grounds that despite the fact that the hereditary cosmetics has a significant job in the advancement of an individual, the sustain and the earth wherein the individual is raised in is a similarly significant factor. In my opinion, I accept that the sustaining of an individual, is the dominating component. The proof which bolstered support over nature caused me to accept that athletic capacity and criminal conduct are a consequence of the manner in which an individual is sustained. In the first place, I accept that sustain is the prevalent factor in the improvement of an individual. I accept this in light of the fact that, athletic capacity isn't an expertise that an individual is brought into the world with; rather, athletic ability is created and improved. For instance, Reggie Miller a ball player, wasnt brought into the world with the capacity to shoot well; rather, he needed to practice and shoot many occasions. We will compose a custom article test on Nature versus Sustain Opinion Paper or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Indeed, as a kid his sister was far superior to him, so as to improve his abilities, he would continue playing, until he could at long last beat her. In the event that Reggie Millers capacity was common, at that point he would not need to prepare consistently with the end goal for him to beat his sister, this demonstrates athletic capacity is certainly not a characteristic capacity, yet an aptitude which is upgraded and brought out. Michael Jordan is another case of a competitor who prepared to become what he is today (Darrel, 2004). Michael Jordan, who many case of being the best b-ball player ever, got cut from his secondary school group in his sophomore year. Rather than surrendering, he utilized this as an inspiration and prepared significantly harder (Darrel, 2004). This is another proof that the manner in which you are supported chooses the measure of expertise you will have in games. Another motivation behind why I imagine that sustain is the prime factor in the arrangement in an individual's character is a direct result of the proof accumulated which underpins that criminal conduct is impacted by the childhood of an individual. There are numerous components which influence conduct in hoodlums, for example, child rearing, misuse, destitution and separation. For instance, individuals who don't carry out wrongdoings are known to have a caring mother or father, magnificent instructor, solid sentimental connections or a good example in their life (Landau, 2011). Then again, inquire about has demonstrated that hoodlums have as a rule had horrendous encounters, for example, kid misuse, parental maltreatment, physical and/or sexual maltreatment. These encounters have made crooks create hostile to social conduct, which drives them to carry out wrongdoings later in their life (Beller,2011). This backings that criminal conduct is an aftereffect of the supporting and the earth one experiences, on the off chance that criminal conduct was a characteristic attribute, at that point lawbreakers would not be affected by their sustaining and condition. Consequently, I accept that criminal conduct is profoundly formed by the childhood of an individual. All in all, I earnestly accept that the childhood of an individual is progressively compelling; rather, than the natural qualities that they are brought into the world with. I accept support over nature, for the explanation that numerous competitors weren't normally skilled; rather, they prepared to get athletic; and furthermore, as a result of the impact that the earth of a childhood has on hoodlums.

Intellectual Property Rights - Free Essay Example

Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual property can be instrumental to the value of any business. The ability to protect a business or an individuals ideas, inventions and original processes is something that is considered essential to many establishments, particularly those that rely on innovative ideas and products as their unique selling point. Intellectual property rights span a wide range of situations and products, although the most common rights are designs, copyright, patents and trade marks. Each of these intellectual property rights aims to protect a different area of invention. Copyright protects works such as art or music; design protects the physical appearance of a product; trade marks protect the way in which a trader separates himself from his competitors; and patents protect the method by which a product is technically made up and functions. This latter category of intellectual property right can cause considerable difficulty to those applying for protection and those attempting to en force existing rights. Technology and the associated functions are changing constantly and often being tweaked or altered to meet a new requirement. At what point does this become patentable and distinct from the original technology? This requirement to be innovative in some way is the subject of much debate. Determining when that extra step results in a new protectable technological item is the key to ensuring that the correct items are offered protection. Courts have grappled with the relevant issues in determining whether or not a patent should be protected and when an attack on validity should be successful. Throughout the years, various tests have been forwarded by the courts; however, consistency in relation to obviousness and the concept of novelty and invention have proved particularly troublesome and are often hotly debated in court proceedings. Elements of Patent Law Before determining the way in which the courts deal with the issues surrounding obviousness and novel ty, it is first important to gain an understanding of what must be established in order to establish a valid patent, successfully. The basic definition of what is patentable is contained in Section 1(1) of the Patent Act 1977 (the Act). This Act states that in order to be patentable the invention must be new, must involve an inventive step and be capable of industrial application. The Act then goes on to consider each of these requirements, in more detail. Section 2 deals with the requirement that the invention is new. This requirement is commonly referred to as the novelty requirement. Section 2(1) states that for an invention to be novel or new it must not form part of the state of the art. Section 2(2) goes on to consider what state of the art actually encompasses. It defines state of the art as any matter (i.e. product, process, etc. ) that has previously been made available to the public by either a written or oral description. Simply put, if the invention has already bee n made available to the public, it is not going to be eligible for patent protection. When determining whether or not an invention is new or novel, the issue of whether or not it has been made available to the public will become central. The invention, in order to be considered in the public domain, must have been disclosed to at least one member of the public, who could if he wished use the information freely and the disclosure had to be sufficiently enabling. Sufficiently enabling means that the information contained must be such that someone who has a reasonable level of skill in the area to which the invention relates would be able to implement and make use of the disclosure. The disclosure must be in relation to one document (or one document with several others interlinked) and cannot simply be disclosure obtained from a mosaic of documents. There are exceptions to this rule in relation to disclosure that allow a patent still to be established where the disclosure has bee n made within six months of the patent application and has been done in confidence. Pulling these factors together, it is clear that the need for novelty insists on the patent being completely new and innovative. Although, based on the mosaic rule, the collection of previous documents and information to create a new invention will not be barred from receiving patent protection. The Issue of Novelty From looking at the above breakdown of what an individual has to prove in order to establish a valid patent, it is clear to see that the issue of novelty is central to most patent decisions. The Section 2 requirement for novelty contained in the Act is a corresponding provision of Articles 54 and 55 of the European Patents Convention (1973) (EPC). As a general rule, an invention is not novel if the amalgamation of features has already been anticipated in a previous disclosure. This point was considered in detail in the case of SmithKline Beecham Plcs Patent [2006] RPC 10. In t his case, it was held that for there to have been that degree of anticipation, there must firstly have been a disclosure and there must secondly have been the element of enablement. That is, based on the disclosure, the suitably skilled individual receiving the details of the process would have been able to replicate the process disclosed. Pulling together both of these elements will allow the court to decide whether or not the patent before them is novel or not. Let us first consider the element of disclosure. When it comes to determining whether or not the specific invention has been previously disclosed, the question is not whether the prior disclosure was for an item of similar utility, i.e. it does not necessarily have to solve exactly the same problem as the current invention. In deciding this matter, courts have stated that in order to be a conflicting patent, the situation previously disclosed must be so close to the new invention that the utility gained by the new inv ention would be a practical certainty. This suggests that in order to establish a valid objection to a patent application on the basis of a prior disclosure, it would have to be shown that the prior invention was inextricably linked in terms of function to the new invention. Therefore, even if something similar has been previously disclosed, provided it is not close with the degree of inevitability that is required, the patent application will not necessarily fail on the basis of not being novel. A general disclosure of a possible process does not impact on the novelty of an invention; however, where there is a series of processes, each individual process could be the reason for a future patent application failing, due to lack of novelty. Secondly, there is the element of enablement. This means that whatever has been disclosed must be sufficient for a person, skilled in the relevant art, to copy or replicate the process or invention. This enablement provision should be thought of separately to the disclosure, as in the case of disclosure the information must be sufficient for a skilled individual to understand the disclosure. For the purpose of enablement, the skilled person must be capable of actually utilising or at least trying to utilise the relevant invention. When it comes to determining whether or not the invention is novel, therefore, several issues need to be considered. It is not simply a matter of determining if something similar has ever been made public. It must have been made public with sufficient clarity as to allow the invention to have been understood and put into effect by another third party. The patent, therefore, in order to gain protection, must offer a solution to a situation that has not been possible to achieve before and not simply a fanciful possibility of a solution given enough further experimentation. As stated in the case of General Tire Rubber Co. v Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd, the disclosure must contain clear and unmistakable directions to do what the patentee claims to have invented. Pharmaceutical Application The pharmaceutical industry as a whole has been one of the most litigated and dynamic areas in relation to the test of novelty. The recent case of Actavis UK Limited v Merck Co. Inc changed the way in which UK courts look at the test of novelty in relation to medical products. Prior to the Actavis case, it was thought that a new dosage or way of taking a particular drug could not be seen as novel; this has now been reversed by the Court of Appeal. In this case, it was held that a new regime for taking medicine could constitute a novel invention for the purpose of obtaining a valid patent. Furthermore, the court dealt with the issue of obviousness, stating that it had to be obvious at the date of priority, not before or after, to defeat the patent, on this basis. The leading case of Merrell Dow v. Norton and Penn, commonly referred to as the Terfenadine decision, held tha t when looking at a pharmaceutical process the definition of new had to be applied to the actual processes and not to a new result or outcome. In this case, it was held that although Merrell had discovered a new reaction from Terfenadine, it was not novel as the composition had previously been disclosed to the public (albeit not for that specific purpose). This produces an interesting position. Based on this judgment, it would seem that whether or not the process or invention produces a solution for a previously unsolvable issue is irrelevant; the issue is whether the actual matter itself has been disclosed. The focus of the test is on the physical items and not on the resulting outcome. Bearing this decision in mind and the way in which the courts have chosen to deal with pharmaceutical claims, it would seem impossible to conclude that the issue of patentability is based purely on finding a solution for a technical problem that could not be solved before. Obviousness This leads us on to consider how important the actual resulting process or invention is to the determination of whether or not it is patentable. Aside from the requirement of novelty, the process or invention must involve and innovative step. This has been interpreted to mean that the invention would not be obvious to someone skilled in the art when presented with the relevant matter. One of the ways in which this test has been interpreted is to consider whether or not it fills a gap in the market, thus becoming an immediate business success. If this is the case, it is more likely that the invention would be seen as non-obvious and, therefore, patentable. The requirement for this inventive step is contained in Section 3 of the Act. Deciding on what exactly is obvious and what is not has been a matter for the courts. In the case of Windsurfing International Inc. v Tabur Marine (Great Britain) Ltd, the main test for obviousness was laid down and remains the starting point for judges whe n deciding whether or not the invention is obvious. It was held that the court should take a four stage approach. Firstly, it should look at the inventive step itself in isolation, i.e. separating it from any supplementary aspects of the invention. Secondly, once the court is clear what the inventive step in question actually is, it should put itself in the position of the common person, skilled in the relevant art with the knowledge that was available at the date of priority. Thirdly, the court needs to consider the difference between what is known by the common man and what the invention professes to display. Finally, the court needs to determine whether the step between what is known and the invention would have been obvious to the common man. For example, in the case of Sabaf SpA v. MFI Furniture Centres Limited and others, the House of Lords considered the issue of whether the gas burner in question was obvious. In this case, the argument that Sabaf was presenting to the cou rt was that its patent for a gas burner had been infringed. The respondents (MFI and others) claimed that they were using a new invention as it was, in fact, the combination of two inventions that had generated their specific gas burner. The crucial point here was that it was not possible to take two existing inventions and put them together to establish a new invention, where this new invention would be the obvious product of the two original inventions. The test for being obvious seems to be reasonably wide with the court requiring a definite inventive step and not simply a natural progression, even if the natural progression is novel. Conclusions The area of patent law and, in particular, determining whether or not an invention is novel and / or obvious is by no means clear. The courts take a very individual approach to each case as it is presented to them based on the individual facts. Despite this, it seems that both elements, i.e. novelty and obviousness, remain instr umental. It is not true to say that provided an invention is novel it does not matter whether or not it is obvious. The courts have widened their view of obviousness but not so far as to remove it entirely. Therefore, if the patent in front of the court fails the test of obviousness and a person skilled in that specific area could have also established the invention it would fail, regardless of how novel the invention turns out to be. Both tests must be suitably established in order to gain patent protection. Producing a solution to a problem is highly important to the decision, but it is not the only deciding factor. The issue of obviousness simply cannot be ignored. Bibliography (14 required) Bagley, Margo A. , Patent First, Ask Questions Later: Morality and Biotechnology in Patent Law, William and Mary Law Review, Vol. 45, 2003 Bainbridge, David I. , Intellectual Property, Pearson Education, 2006, Pages 374 407 Colston, Catherine, Principles of Intellectual Proper ty Law, Cavendish Publishing, 1999, Pages 86 105 Cornish, William Rodolph, Vaver, D. , Bently, Lionel, Intellectual Property in the New Millennium: Essays in Honour of William R. Cornish, Cambridge University Press, 2004, Pages 91 95 Grubb, Philip W. , Patents for Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and Biotechnology: Fundamentals of Global Law, Practice, and Strategy, Oxford University Press, 1999 Hodkinson, Keith, Protecting and Exploiting New Technology and Designs, Taylor Francis, 1988, Pages 32 71 Johnston, Josephine, Wasunna, Angela A. , Patents, Biomedical Research. And Treatments: Examining Concerns, Canvassing Solutions, The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 37, 2007 Karet, Novelty under English Law. Appeal in Merrell Dow v Norton 16(5) European Intellectual Property Review 204, 1994 Muir, Ian, Brandi-Dohrn, Matthias, Gruber, Stephan, European Patent Law: Law and Procedure under the EPC and PCT, Oxford University Press, 1999 Patterson, Mark R. , Contractual Expa nsion of the Scope of Patent Infringement through Field-of-Use Licensing, William and Mary Law Review, Vol. 49, 2007 Pressman, David, Patent It Yourself, Nolo, 2008, Pages 15 20 Taylor, Christopher Thomas, Silberston, Aubrey, The Economic Impact of the Patent System: A Study of the British Experience, CUP Archive, 1973, Pages 12 23 Thomas, John R. , Litigation beyond the Technological Frontier: Comparative Approaches to Multinational Patent Enforcement, Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 27, 1996 White, The Novelty-Destroying Disclosure: Some Recent Decisions 9 European Intellectual Property Review 315, 1987

Poetry Of Romanticism - Free Essay Example

A young writerrs first introduction to poetry begins with the schoolyard classics: The lunatic, the lover, and the poet are of imagination all compact, as Shakespearers line rings. Dickenson states much madness is Divinest sense. I became insane with long intervals of horrible sanity. goes Edgar Allan Poe. And while Sylvia Plath desperately questioned, Is there no way out of the mind? Anne Sexton admits that Poetry led me by the hand out of madness. The most popular themes of poetry have been the same throughout its history: depression, bipolar disorder, paranoia, and just plain insanity, all glazed with a lens of romance. In this essay, I will analyze three poems by three writers not just famed for language that would influence English creativity forever, but for changing the meaning of creating art through poetry. All three pieces can be found attached to the end of this paper. The Sylvia Plath Effect was first named by James C. Kaufman, a psychologist who took an interest in the creative field, stating the use of Plathrs madness as a tool to analyze the truth of her poetry is the plain fetishization of her condition. A study of sample groups determined that female poets and writers were much more prone to mental health deficiencies than any other women in other creative careers, or male poets, but gave no supporting reasons for why that fact may be true. In the case of women, more often than not the refusal to participate in patriarchial values would have them dismissed as mad or hysterical. The discussion has circled around the stigmas of women being the more oppressed gender in the time of the famed young suicide, but what of the male poets who defied the stoic nature of the 20th century and previous? For me, my fascination with the macabre began with Edgar Allan Poe. While imagery was always taught to be made rich with use of color and shape and texture, Poe reeled me in with dark, muted tones and unsettling shadows and grisly emotion. Although his most popular piece would be The Raven, for the purposes of this essay I will be analyzing Alone to exemplify the classic tormented mind. The poem opens up with an admission, From childhoodrs hour I have not been / As others were / I could not bring / My passions from a common spring† that he had always known from childhood that he saw things differently. His passions were not stemmed from things like spring and light and color; he saw beauty in darkness and abnormality, as that was exactly who he was. His use of em dashes portray abrupt and longing ends to his lines. He goes on, From the same source I have not taken / My sorrow / all I lovd†I lovd alone† explaining that the very thing he found beauty in also brought him great pain, and loneliness. His grief was also his love. He circl es back to childhood, in the dawn / Of a most stormy life†was drawn claiming his life began in shrouded mystery, like begin trapped in a storm, From evry depth of good and ill / The mystery which binds me still† all the joy and grief in his life are woven into him as a code that neither he or anyone else can decipher, only observe. His ability to express this mystery weighs him down, binds him to the despair. Poe uses color next to describe the storm red cliff of the mountain and autumn tint of gold are the colors of his dawn. Alone closes From the thunder, and the storm† / And the cloud that took the form / (When the rest of Heaven was blue) / Of a demon in my view† He continues to be plagued with the darkness, the storm, until the foreseeable end, which finally becomes him, a Lopez, 2 cursed demon. Poe intertwined the beauty of landscape with the gloom of his own depression or his otherness from most people. His fascinating and unique perspective of enamor begins a path of romanticism for like-minded artists. In the century following Poers example, the next giant and most notable, in my opinion, of dangerous romanticism is Sylvia Plath, for whom the phenomenon was named after. In her poem Apprehensions, she describes a room she is in. As she moves from each wall in four stanzas, she exposes four sides of herself, her different and alternating moods and eyes with which she sees reality. The first wall is white: clean, pure, angelic. She describes a white wall as green, a color symbolizing life and growth. On this white wall, she also finds her medium, which is poetry. Poetry on the white wall is her solace amongst the other three. The next wall is grey, where there is no life, and where Plath feels she needs to escape by describing claw marks, perhaps of her own accord. This sadness wall is when she questions Is there no way out of the mind? The third wall is red and filled with pain. The red wall, fittingly the color of blood, is a pulsating fist that makes up herself, along with a terror / of being wheeled off under crosses expressing her fear of life to be comparable to the reign of a church. The final wall is black, which classicly symbolizes death. Her e are described birds, much like Poers raven, ominous and crying out. Plaths tone alternates with each new stanza, ranging from a muted calm to agony and despair. Although her style varies from the well known Plath, therers something very distinctly feminine about Sextonrs work. One of Anne Sextonrs most famous poems Wanting to Die is deeply rooted in her lifelong battle with mental illness and depression. In Wanting to Die, Sexton explains her rotating feelings about death, having possessed the enemy, eaten the enemy, / have Lopez, 3 taken on his craft, his magic. forming a deep understanding of what itrs like to be death itself, entranced by its attraction, and even admitting spell-binding herself into a romance with death. She describes her relationship with death becoming as a lover or a friend that waits for her to so delicately undo an old wound, relieving her from the dazed and purposeless state of her life. In this way, Sexton is convinced that the certainty of death is far more inviting than being constantly betrayed by a life that year after year keeps her waiting for its end. Personifying death as both a man and a woman in this poem suggests a duality in Sextonrs sexuality, but more generally, that death is an alluring temptress to any person. While traditionally portrayed as a terrifying figure such as the grim reaper, many literates describe death as an ally, often a roman tic partner. Sexton cannot remember most days of her life before her lust for death. Death gave her something to search for, in the same way one longs for a lover, and promises for certainty than life does. Perhaps handing the reins of her existence to death is a much more appealing alternative of struggling to control it herself. So why is the poet drawn to madness? A common thread that runs through each of these poems is the braid of beauty with tragedy, or beauty and despair at least. This method along with the grey area between a poets work and a poetrs life has seduced readers of vulnerable and malleable minds to think that mimicking the lifestyles and outlook, no matter how alien to oneself, will result in more successful work. Some believe that expressing toxic emotions through writing can relieve their anxieties. But for others, such as writers who make a practice of reliving pain, it leaves a strive to maintain the joy of being successful with the long-term effects that come with producing it. For young writers experimenting with identity through the art of Lopez, 4 poetry, assimilating to the morbid voices of fallen artists creates the ideal that depression and other mental illnesses will solicit the same legacy. Spoken word artist Laura Dockrill says I think youve always got to be interested in a slightly different aspect of the universe to even want to pick up a pen and analyze the world through poetry, Perhaps by observing reality through a slightly different aspect poets revel in the things that make life different from that of an uncreative person, who might find satisfaction in accepting the world as it is as opposed to interpreting what it might mean. Although science hasnt given an answer as to what makes a person creative, poets have already discovered that itrs in the way one navigates the social rules and the conflict thereafter. Poet Luke Write says, I dont think you have to be mad to be a poet but if your mind is alive, then it can produce both positive and negative responses. It can mean wonderful things but it can mean that fitting into normal life is difficult. A healthier and perhaps ore accurate perspective on these morose voices is not to credit their demons for the work, but to credit the writer for the work in spite of the demons.

Super Tuesday Definition - Date and States That Vote

Super Tuesday is the day on which a large number of states, many of them in the South,  hold their primaries in the presidential race. Super Tuesday is important because a large number of delegates are at stake and the outcome of the primaries can elevate or end a candidates chances at winning their partys presidential nomination later in the spring.   Super Tuesday 2016 was  held on Tuesday, March 1, 2016. Republican Donald Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton emerged with the most number of delegates on Super Tuesday 2016, thrusting both toward their eventual nominations at that years conventions in Cleveland, Ohio, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Twelves states  hold primaries or caucuses on Super Tuesday. Voters in those states  go to the polls about one month after the first-in-the-nation Iowa caucus are held.   Super Tuesday 2016 was  the first presidential primary day under Republican National Committee rules designed to give states that vote later in the year more influence in the nomination process and at the GOP convention in Cleveland, Ohio, in the summer. Why Super Tuesday  Is a Big Deal The votes that are cast on Super Tuesday  determine how many delegates are sent to the Republican and Democratic national conventions to represent their respective candidates for the presidential nominations. More than a quarter of the Republican Partys delegates are typically  up for grabs on Super Tuesday, including in the top prize of 155 delegates in Texas. More than a fifth of the Democratic Partys delegates are up for grabs that day. In other words, more than 600 of the 2,472 total Republican delegates to the partys national convention are awarded on Super Tuesday. Thats half the amount necessary for the nomination - 1,237 - up for grabs in a single day. In the Democratic primaries and caucuses,  more than  1,00 of the 4,764 Democratic delegates to the  partys national convention in Philadelphia  are at stake on Super Tuesday. Thats nearly half of the 2,383 needed for the nomination. Super Tuesday Origins Super Tuesday originated as an attempt by southern states to win greater influence in the Democratic primaries. The first Super Tuesday was held in March 1988.   Super Tuesday 2016 Delegate Rules Under the Republican Partys new rules, states that hold their primaries and caucuses on March 1 through March 14  awarded delegates on a proportional basis instead of winner-take-all. That means no candidate can likely win enough delegates to secure the nomination before late-voting states get to hold their primaries. The rule is designed to prevent states from  trying to leapfrog each other for influence and attention during the primaries. List of States Voting on Super Tuesday The number of states holding primaries and caucuses on Super Tuesday 2016 was  larger than in the previous presidential-election year, in 2012. Only ten states held primaries or caucuses on Super Tuesday in 2012.   Here are the states that hold primaries or caucuses on Super Tuesday, followed by the number of delegates being awarded to the party conventions: Alabama: 50 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 60 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryAlaska: 28 delegates at stake in the Republican caucuses (the 20 delegates at stake in the Democratic caucuses are awarded on March 26, not on Super Tuesday)Arkansas: 40 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 37 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryColorado: 37 delegates at stake in the Republican caucuses, 79 delegates at stake in the Democratic caucusesGeorgia: 76 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 116 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryMassachusetts: 42 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 116 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryMinnesota: 38 delegates at stake in the Republican caucuses, 93 delegates at stake in the Democratic caucusesOklahoma: 43 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 42 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryTennessee: 58 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 76 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryTexas: 155 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 252 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryVermont: 16 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 26 delegates at stake in the Democratic primaryVirginia: 49 delegates at stake in the Republican primary, 110 delegates at stake in the Democratic primary